theory n. 1.理论,学理,原理。 2.学说,论说 (opp. hypothesis)。 3.推测,揣度。 4.〔口语〕见解,意见。 the theory of two points 两点论。 Darwin's theory of evolution 达尔文的进化论。 theory of equations 【数学】方程论。 theory of everything 【物理学】(把相对论、量子论和宇宙大爆炸理论都包括在内的)万用理论。 theory of relativity 【物理学】相对论。 the atomic theory 原子说。 Our scheme is good both in theory and in practice. 我们的方案在理论上和实施上都是好的。 combine [separate] theory with [from] practice 理论结合[脱离]实际。 My theory is that we must bring new blood into the Institute through appointment of younger men to important positions. 我的意见是我们学院应该通过重用年轻一些的人来注入新的血液。 theory of games 博弈论,对策论,权衡利弊得失的形势分析。
But the chinese buddhism's theory of retribution for good and evil is already not any more the original indian buddhistical thought, and it is blended with massive chinese traditional thoughts 然而中国佛教的因果报应论已经不再是原本意义上的印度佛教思想,其中掺杂了大量的中国传统思想。
Among those scholars who have argued on it and left us with instructive thoughts, some are defenders of death penalty based on the theory of retribution, and some are critics 对于这一问题,古今东西的先知与学者们有着各种各样的争论和辩论,也留下了为数很多的真知灼见。其中不乏以报应思想为根据为死刑进行辩护或者对其进行批判的学者。
As to the question about the function of criminal penalty, the traditional theory of retribution is facing up with unprecedented suspect and question and strong challenge prom the theory of purpose . as the pattern of criminal liability, criminal penalty no longer has natural justification . people begin to rethink the traditional idea that all crimes must be punished for the purpose of rectifying crimes 在刑罚功能的问题上,传统的报应刑理论正在经受着前所未有的怀疑与诘问,受到目的性理论强有力的挑战,刑罚作为犯罪的责任方式不再拥有天然的正当性,人们开始根据犯罪矫正的目的而重新审视有罪必罚的传统观念。
The theory of retribution has a long history and is still vitally alive because this theory provides the foundation for the establishment and abolishment of death penalty . the justification of its existence lies in that it has evolved from “ tit for tit, tat for tat ” to the opposition of “ non-punishment for the guilty ”, “ punishment for the innocent ”, “ severe punishment for minor commitment ” and “ lenient punishment for serious commitment ” 报应之刑由“以血还血,以牙还牙”的原始形态发展到现在的反对有罪不罚、无罪施罚、轻罪重罚与重罪轻罚,主张罪刑均衡的正义之刑,可以从中充分的认识到其旺盛的生命力。